Textile learns

Jet Weav ing Machine -             In this machines, weft yarn fed through the main nozzle is transported through the warp shed by the momentum imparted to it by jet of air or water blasting out of the nozzle . Functional El ements of Jet looms - - Weft feeding devices - weft accumulator , tensioners and stopper. - Main nozzle - Air guides and relay nozzles (only for air jet loom) - Suction funnel for air jet looms and water collecting arrangement for water jet looms. - Weft feeler - Air distribution       Unlike in case of other shuttleless weaving machines, the length of the weft yarn to be inserted need to be measured accurately in each weft insertion cycle in jet weaving machines , because of the lack of physical control over it is not weft insertion process. Basically ,weft yarn measured by rotating feed rollers and stored in a storage tube before feeding or is wound on the accumulator drum .   Tensioners by imparting a light tension to the weft yarn ,when it is being m

Repier Weft Insertion system -      The picking or weft  insertion system is based on modified repair principle, two carriers  entering the warp Shed  simultaneously from each side of the l oom and meeting almost half way through the shed. These are two basic type of rapier heads: 1) Loop transfer rapier machine-Gabler Principle ,  2) Tip transfer repair machine -Dewas principle.    In the Gabler system the weft  is never gripped. It is placed in a slot 'A' in the right rapier head and as the rapier advance towards the centre of the Loom, the yarn  passes from its clamped position round the head,  to the supply package in the form of hair pin .When  the head meet at the centre of the loom, the smaller left hand head , enters the yarn  carrying right hand head. The thread at 'A' is passed under the spring loaded cover guide at 'B' and  as the left hand rapier is withdrawn,it repositions the weft at 'C'.  The yarn then  slides through the left

Sulzer Shuttle less Weav ing Mach ine -     In this weaving machine, the weft yarn   is introduced into the shed  by means of a gripper.A tuck -in selvadge  is formed by drawing the cut weft end into the shed by means of tucking needles. The pick is then beaten up by means of cam  operated reed.      A torsion bar arrangement is used for propulsion of the gripper  through the open shed.The gripper while  travelling from left hand side to the right hand side is made up to follow a fixed path across the loom by means of a series of rake  guides which is elevated  into the shed before picking and again falls below the bottom shed line before beat up . The gripper on reaching the right hand side leaves the weft yarn ,falls down to conveyor underneath the sley and return back to the left hand side to follow to the  cycle of picking .At a time only one gripper is picked in the shed and  so gripper returns at much  slower speed than the weaving speed,many gripper  are in a circulation so th

Sizing . -   In the preparation of warp , sizing make the most significant contribution to the Loom performance  during the weaving. The adequate care in a selection of warp sizing machine is a very much is essential . Creel -    Most of the modern sizing machine are equipped with automatically operated warp unwinding  mechanism. Some modern machines are built in the pneumatically operated band brake which are monitored by the computer ,where the yarn tension is measured by the detector roller with a constant warp angle. Breaking force is regulated after the comparing the measured value with the pre -set value. The creel zone Stretch is controlled  with in 0. 5 % by way of  ball bearing mounted guide roller for every two beam. Size box -     Double size box is used in most of the advanced machines. These are equipped with  individual squeezing arrangements to reduce the pickup variation along the length of warp sheet . Additional features like pre-heating of the warp prior to siz

Introduction   Textile testing always a  essential part of production and use of processes, has become even more important in a recent year as a result of new demands placed upon the product of the textile  manufacturers. Advancement in a technology has made a great impact on textile testing also. If you compare the conventional testing instrument with mordern testing instruments we will find a spectacular change in a testing instrument due  to the application of electronic. Although use of electronic system has changed ,the whole scenario in textile but in fact on test instrument is amazing .All important fibre properties can be determined by the putting the fibre sample in high volume  instrument within a few minutes by any person, otherwise it is used to take at least 5 - 6 hours and extensive skilled work by operators. Similarly by using various electronic system testing instrument have become so user friendly. that any body can be  test for various properties. Evenness testi

Proje ctile Weft I nsertion Syst em / Pick ing cycle on Projectile loom - Above fig show following description - a. Projectile loom in the  is picking position.Weft feeder feed the yarn to the projectile. b. Weft feeder open up after projectile has grip weft end  presented to it .weft band and weft break is closed . c. Projectile is pick across shed. weft  band is open ,tensioner release the the yarn tension. Weft from weft accumulator is unwound so as to give weft yarn for pick. the projectile is break on receiving side. d. The projectile which is break as core to  the halt is break is releases . the projectile is pushed backward on the picking  inside .weft accumulator start the accumulating the weft supply for next pick.weft band is closed ,tension lever  take out any salkness in weft yarn .the weft feeder moves forward for griping the weft near to the selvedge . e. Weft feeder grip the yarn and weft gripper grip the weft  on both the side of the cloth. f

Salient Featu res of projectile weaving machine - History- Projectile machine are introduced in 1952 by the sulzer . 1. Principle of projectile weft  insertion system , practically allow any  yarn Cotton ,Wool ,Mono ,Multifilament yarn ,Jute, Linen.It possible to produce heavy industrial fabric. 2. The weft inserted by the projectile which is accelerated into the shed  by the release of the energy into the twisted Torsion bar. 3. It give lower  power consumption. 4. It produces tuck-in Selvedge  reduced waste of weft . 5. It is possible to get a Quick warp and weft style changes. 6. It is mechanically reliable . 7. Easy to used. 8.Low spare part required easy to maintain. 9. Longer machine life. 10. More than one width can be produced. 11. The width of  330 cm to 540cm is possible. 12 . It produced the fabric with higher production rate, efficiency and higher labour productivity. 13. There is a saving space. 14. Single co

Need for Shutteless Technology 1. There is a need for higher productivity of the fabric due to the increase the fabric consumption 2. There is a high demand of quality of fabric because of Technical textile and garment manufacturing 3. Nowadays there is a demand for longer length of fabric, lot of particular varieties. 4. The speed of powerloom cannot be increase due to the technological limitation . If the speed is increase the power requirement  increase is by the factor approximately 3. 4 times. 5. The modern  weaving machine use a different weft insertion technology ,there is a increase the speed and weft insertion rate . 6. The over  charges for Shutteless  is weaving for unit production are less . Advant ages of Shutteless Loom 1 . It gives high production rate . 2. Less floor space per unit production . 3. More production Per labour . 4. Very less energy requirement in a picking as a weft carriers are not as a heavy as shuttle . 5. It give very less noise and vibrat

Merits And Limitation Of Shuttle Loom A.Advantages /Merit Of Shuttle Loom - 1.The power loom suitable for the various fabric. i.e It is versatile loom. 2. It is suitable for smaller lot of fabric 3. As loom operate at less speed, warp  preparation is not demanding 4. Quality demand of yarn (warp and weft ) is less 5. The capital investment is less 6. Required very less amount of climate control. 7. There is no need for separate Selvedge  mechanism. Automatic selvedge form . 8. The power requirement less technical equipment. 9.  The labour is easily available and very high skill is not required. 10.   The Spare part cheap and easily available in market 11. It can be fitted with Dobby and Jacquard . Disadvantages/ limitation of shutt le loom 1. It  use half kg of shuttle to carry a yarn  having a weight of 0. 2 gm/m. 2. It is wasting lot of kinetic energy of the shuttle in the shuttle box. 3. It give  more wear and tear of shuttle  and checking devi

           Yarn numbering system       Yarn count  - Count is numrical expresion ,which is determine the fineness and corseness .It also define as yarn is  thick and thin.A definition given by textile institute,"count number is indicate the weight per unit lenght or lengthy per unit weight " Count = Weight /length             =Length/Weight There are two     of yarn numbering system 1. Indirect  number system -English cotton                                      Count ,metric count 2. Direct number system   - Tex ,Denier       1. Indirect number - In this system length  unit weight .In this system weight is constant and length is variable .Yarn thickness is indirectly proportional to yarn number . Higher the count finer the yarn ,vice versa .In this system more use in cotton and worested industry .There are two example English cotton count (Ne),Metric count (Nm) ,Worested, linen count ,woollen count English cotton count (Ne ) = Number of hanks each of 8

Step Taken to prepared the size paste   1.Take standard volume 700 lit water  normal temperature into pre mixture water flow meter start the stirring 2. Properly way all chemical required 3. Add a modify ,starches PVA, acrylic Binder slowly into pre mixture 4. Stirring mixture for 15 min 5 transfer  the pre  mixture into the closed vessel cooker 6. Close all open wall of the cooker 7.Heat the cooker mixture with injection of steam will Auto cut  when cooker cooker temperature reaches limit is 100 to 110 degree Celsius, take around 30 to 35 minutes 8. Cook the mixture for another 45 minute temperature of the cooker reach 120 degrees celsius depend upon the size recipe 9. Start the stirr of storage Vessel then the Transfer cooked  respective  to storage  vessel 10. Add the lubricant with the size paste at storage vessel 11. Maintain the storage vessel temperature 80 to 90 degree Celsius 12. Paste  ready to transfer the size box to the sizing machine     

Object   of sizing 1 To improve abrasion resistance of yarn   2 .To reduce the hariness of yarn 3 .To improve the wevability of warp 4 .To improve the breaking strength of yarn 5 .To reduce the generation of static charge for polyester blend yarn What sizing should not do ? 1 .It not should  elongation and  break of yarn 2. There should not increasing in  missing and cross end Chartertisct of size yarn  1 . Increase in the strength 10 to 20% of yarn 2 . lower elongation 3.Higher bending rigidity 4 .Higher abrasion resistance 5 . Lower hariness 6 .Lower frictional resistance Why sizing department is important?      Sizing is most important process it can make or it can mar the weaving performance .one high speed sizing machine can control the working of 100 to 200 looms depending on count of yarn ,size addon , fabric construction ,speed of sizing machine .           One size size in beam  last about two weeks to 1  month on the loom. Thus  it is importa